Diethyl Oxide (C₄H₁₀O), also known as diethyl ether, is a highly volatile and flammable ether solvent used in chemical synthesis, pharmaceutical processes, and automotive applications.

Diethyl Oxide (C₄H₁₀O) – Properties, Applications, and Safety Information

Also Known As: Diethyl Ether, Ether

Chemical Name: Diethyl Oxide
Chemical Formula: C₄H₁₀O
Chemical Class: Ethers, Volatile Organic Compounds

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Molecular Weight: 74.12 g/mol

• Boiling Point: 34.6 °C

• Melting Point: –116.3 °C

• Density: 0.7134 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with ethanol, acetone, and most organic solvents

• Reactivity: Easily forms explosive peroxides when exposed to air and light; reacts with strong oxidizers

• Stability: Very volatile and highly flammable; must be kept away from ignition sources and oxygen-rich environments

Applications

✅ Solvent – Commonly used in chemical synthesis, extractions, and recrystallizations
✅ Pharmaceutical industry – Historically used as an anesthetic agent
✅ Fuel and automotive – Found in some starting fluid formulations due to its high volatility
✅ Chemical reactions – Frequently used as a medium in Grignard and other sensitive organometallic reactions
✅ Industrial processes – Used in separation and purification of organic mixtures

Safety Information

⚠️ Extremely flammable – Easily ignites; vapors are heavier than air and can travel to ignition sources
❗ Health hazard – Inhalation may cause sedation, dizziness, and respiratory depression
❗ Skin/eye irritation – May cause dryness and discomfort on contact
✅ Storage – Store in tightly sealed containers, in a cool, dark, and well-ventilated location
✅ PPE: Flame-retardant gloves, safety goggles, chemical apron, explosion-proof ventilation