Ethyl Ether (C₄H₁₀O), also known as diethyl ether, is a highly flammable and volatile solvent widely used in organic synthesis, extraction processes, and historical anesthetic applications.

Ethyl Ether (C₄H₁₀O) – Properties, Applications, and Safety Information

Also Known As: Diethyl Ether, Ether

Chemical Name: Ethyl Ether
Chemical Formula: C₄H₁₀O
Chemical Class: Ethers, Volatile Organic Compounds

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Molecular Weight: 74.12 g/mol

• Boiling Point: 34.6 °C

• Melting Point: –116.3 °C

• Density: 0.7134 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol, chloroform, acetone, and many organic solvents

• Reactivity: Forms explosive peroxides when exposed to air or light; reactive with oxidizing agents

• Stability: Very volatile and highly flammable; requires careful handling and storage under inert atmosphere

Applications

✅ Solvent – Commonly used in chemical laboratories and industrial processes
✅ Pharmaceutical industry – Historically used as a general anesthetic (no longer widely used)
✅ Automotive – Present in engine-starting fluid due to rapid vaporization
✅ Chemical synthesis – Medium for organometallic reactions like Grignard synthesis
✅ Extraction processes – Used in separating organic compounds

Safety Information

⚠️ Highly flammable – Vapors form explosive mixtures with air
❗ Inhalation hazard – Causes drowsiness, dizziness, and possible unconsciousness
❗ Irritant – May cause skin and eye dryness or irritation
✅ Storage – Store in tightly sealed containers, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated space, protected from light
✅ PPE: Safety goggles, nitrile gloves, anti-static lab coat, fume hood