Diethyl Ether (C₄H₁₀O) is a volatile and highly flammable ether used as a solvent in chemical synthesis, extraction processes, and formerly in anesthesia.

Diethyl Ether (C₄H₁₀O) – Properties, Applications, and Safety Information

Chemical Name: Diethyl Ether
Chemical Formula: C₄H₁₀O
Chemical Class: Ethers, Organic Solvents, Volatile Compounds

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Molecular Weight: 74.12 g/mol

• Boiling Point: 34.6 °C

• Melting Point: –116.3 °C

• Density: 0.7134 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol, acetone, and most organic solvents

• Reactivity: Forms explosive peroxides upon exposure to air and light; reacts with oxidizing agents

• Stability: Highly volatile and flammable; requires storage under inert, dry conditions

Applications

✅ Solvent – Widely used in laboratories and industry for extraction and synthesis
✅ Pharmaceuticals – Formerly used as a general anesthetic (now largely replaced)
✅ Fuel additive – Used in some engine-starting fluids due to high volatility
✅ Chemical synthesis – Acts as a medium in Grignard and other organometallic reactions
✅ Cleaning agent – Occasionally used in electronics and fine mechanical part cleaning

Safety Information

⚠️ Extremely flammable – Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air even at low temperatures
❗ Health hazard – Inhalation may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or unconsciousness
❗ Skin/eye contact – May cause drying or irritation
✅ Storage – Store in tightly sealed, amber-colored containers away from heat, sparks, light, and oxidizers
✅ PPE: Flame-resistant gloves, splash goggles, chemical apron, work in explosion-proof fume hood